🌺 Rafflesia arnoldii – The World’s Largest Flower
🔬 Scientific Overview
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Scientific Name: Rafflesia arnoldii
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Family: Rafflesiaceae
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Genus: Rafflesia
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Discovered: In 1818 by Dr. Joseph Arnold, on an expedition led by Sir Stamford Raffles
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Common Name: Corpse flower (note: not to be confused with Amorphophallus titanum)
🌍 Natural Habitat
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Native to:
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Rainforests of Sumatra and Borneo in Indonesia
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Environment:
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Lowland tropical rainforests with high humidity and rich biodiversity
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🌼 Unique Characteristics
Trait | Description |
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🌸 Flower Size | Can grow up to 1 meter (3 feet) in diameter and weigh up to 11 kg (24 lbs) |
🌿 No Leaves, Stems, or Roots | It's a holoparasitic plant, meaning it completely depends on its host for nutrients |
🌱 Host Plant | It lives inside the Tetrastigma vine (a grapevine relative) |
☠️ Smell | Emits a strong odor of rotting flesh to attract flies for pollination |
⏳ Lifespan of Flower | Blooms for only 5 to 7 days, then withers quickly |
🧬 No Photosynthesis | Lacks chlorophyll, so it doesn't produce its own food |
🧬 Life Cycle
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Invisible Phase: Most of its life is hidden inside the host vine as thread-like structures (like fungus).
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Budding: A bud slowly emerges over several months.
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Blooming: The flower opens suddenly and lasts only a few days.
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Pollination: Attracted by the smell, carrion flies enter the flower and transfer pollen.
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Fruiting & Seeds: After pollination, it produces fruit containing many seeds, which must come into contact with a suitable host vine to germinate.
📉 Conservation Status
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Threats:
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Habitat destruction due to deforestation and logging
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Ecotourism pressure and illegal harvesting
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Conservation Efforts:
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Protected in some national parks
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Local conservation programs and awareness campaigns
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IUCN Status: Not formally evaluated for all species, but generally considered vulnerable or endangered
🌐 Cultural Significance
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National icon of Indonesia
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Featured in local folklore and conservation campaigns
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Often a symbol of biodiversity and the need to protect rainforests
Would you like a diagram of its life cycle, a summary for a school project, or a comparison with other large flowers like Titan arum?
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